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Turkish history
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Turkish history
Mahmoud al-Kashgari map.jpg
First Age[show]
Middle Ages[show]
New Age[show]
Near Age[show]
gtd
The head of a statue believed to belong to Selçuk Bey and found in Iran. It is on display at the New York Museum of art.
A golden arch tie left over from Hiung-NU (300 BC ))
Turkish history is the common history of Turkish communities that spoke the Turkish language among modern Turkish peoples and foreign peoples. Turkic-speaking communities that existed before the göktürks are referred to by some historians as pre-Turkic rather than Turkish.
There are claims that the Turks ' first appearance on the stage of history as a political community was with the reign of the Hun (Hiung-nular or Shiongnular).[1][2]. Although there is debate about the beginning, the history of the Turks is an important part of the history of the world. The history of every people that emerged in Eurasia and North Africa was influenced remotely or closely by the movements of the Turks. The Turks also played an important role in moving Eastern cultures to the West and Western cultures to the East. Their own religion has been many times a pioneer and defender of the foreign religions they adopted after Tengricism, and they have enabled their spread and development (Mani religion, Judaism, Buddhism, Orthodox and Nasturi Christianity, Islam).
Content
1 beginning of Turkish history
1.1 BC 3. century
1.2 BC 2. century
1.3 BC 1. century
1.4 1. century
1.5 2. century
1.6 3. century
1.7 4. century
1.8 5. century
2 Middle Ages / Turks
2.1 6th century
3 7. century
3.1 Central Asia
3.2 Eastern Europe
4 8. century
4.1 Central Asia
4.2 Eastern Europe
5 9. century
5.1 Central Asia
5.2 Eastern Europe
5.3 pre-Asia and Africa
6 10. century
6.1 Central Asia
6.2 Eastern Europe
6.3 front Asia and Africa
7 11. century
7.1 Central Asia
7.2 Eastern Europe
7.3 Front Asia
7.4 South Asia
8 12. century
8.1 Front Asia
8.2 Iran and Central Asia
8.3 South Asia
8.4 Eastern Europe
9 13. century
9.1 pre-Asia and the Middle East
9.2 Central Asia
9.3 South Asia
9.4 Eastern Europe
9.5 14. century
9.6 15. century
9.6.1 Front Asia
9.6.2 Central Asia
9.6.3 South Asia
9.6.4 Eastern Europe
10 New Age
10.1 16. century
10.1.1 Eastern Europe
10.1.2 Central Asia
10.1.3 Front Asia
10.1.4 South Asia
10.1.5 Africa
10.2 17. century
10.2.1 Eastern Europe
10.2.2 Front Asia
10.2.3 Central Asia
10.2.4 South Asia
10.2.5 Africa
10.3 18. century
10.3.1 Eastern Europe
10.3.2 Front Asia
10.3.3 Central Asia
10.3.4 South Asia
10.3.5 Africa
10.4 19. century
10.4.1 Eastern Europe
10.4.2 Front Asia
10.4.3 Central Asia
10.4.4 South Asia
10.4.5 Africa
10.5 20. century
10.6 21. century
11 books
11.1 books in Turkish
11.2 foreign books
12see also
13 bibliography
Beginning of Turkish history
The process of nationalization of human communities living on earth begins with their transition from hunter-gatherer to farmer-Shepherd.[3]. It is believed that the human communities that would form the Turks began sheep farming in 6000 BC.[4] this date can be considered as the beginning of nomadic Turkish Culture on horseback.
They argue that the ancestors of the Turks began with the Afanasiyevo culture between 2500 BC and 1700 BC and continued with the Andronovo culture between 1700 BC and 1200 BC. It is known that this race had a warrior and nomadic culture, and spread in masses between the Altay Mountains and the God Mountains after 1700 BC.[2]
Turkish HistoryHe.3rd place 2.jpg
3 BC. century
312 BC: establishment of the Great Hun State (Hiung-nu) and war of the North between China/Hiung-nu
240 BC: Building China's wall against the steppe peoples: the Great Wall of China
209 BC: death of Hiung-nu leader Teoman and mete becoming the leader of the Hiung-NU (Huns)
201 BC: first mention of the Kyrgyz people
201 BC: siege of Pe-Theng
Turkish HistoryHe.2nd place 2jpg
2 BC. century
187 BC: Pa-i-Teng expedition on Hiung-nu of China
177 BC-165 BC: the Yue-Chi were driven from Kansu to Bactriane by Hiung-nular and eliminated the Hellenic Kingdom there
177 BC-165 BC: influx of Hiung-NUS into China
138 BC-126 BC: Embassy of Chang Kien in Bactria. China-Iran relations
2 BC. century: Asian Hun State(great Hun State) destroyed
Turkish HistoryHe.1st place 2jpg
1 BC. century
Turkish history BC.65 b.jpg
49 BC-36 BC: migration of Cicsi to Talas (Western Hiung-nu)
Turkish history 1nciYY.jpg
1. century
48: hiung-NU subdivisions (north Hiung-nu and South Hiung-nu)
93: the hiung-NUS are defeated by the Sienpis (Sien-pi)
Turkish history 2nd.jpg
2. century
Hun presence in lower ITIL (north of the Caspian Sea)
Turkish history 300 years.jpg
3. century
260: Tabgaclar north of Şan-şi
Turkish history year400.jpg
4. century
304-351: hiung-nu kingdoms in northern China (Han Zhao, Hou Zhao)
388-392: Kingdom of Ding ling (Wei) in northern China)
374-375: crossing the Don River by the European Huns
386-409: Tabgaks In Northern China (North Vey)
395: Migration Of Tribes
5. century
Turkish History 451.jpg
402: establishment of Rouran (Yuan Yuan/Avars?)
407-431: Kingdom of Hiung-nu (Xia) in northern China)
422: takeover of Lo-yang by Tabgach
427: alliance of the Romans and Huns
434: Treaty of Margos between Byzantium and the Huns
440: start of Ak Hun (Eftalite) invasions
451: Attila in Gaul (today France)
452: Attila's Roman expedition and Pope John I Meeting with Leo
480: front lines between the Caspian Sea and the Danube
480: Ak Huns ' aid to the Sassanids in the Mazdek rebellion
Middle Ages / Turks
Turkish history year500.jpg
6th century
Turkish History 565.jpg
531-578: construction of the Caucasus walls by Khosrev of Iran
534: dissolution of the Tabgach (Vey Dynasty)
552: Tu-kiulerin (Turkutes/Göktürks) uprising against rouran rule. Establishment of the first Gokturk Khaganate.
565: the elimination of the Ak Huns (Eftalites) by the Göktürks
582: division of the first Gokturk Khaganate
Turkish History 600.jpg
7. century
Central Asia
630: eastern Gokturk Khaganate came under Chinese rule, Western Gokturk Khaganate came under Chinese influence
639: Göktürk Prince Kürşad's attempt at Revolution in the Chinese palace
659: the entry of the Western Gokturk Khaganate into Chinese rule
673-674: Arabs reach Maveraünnehir and besiege Bukhara.
674: mercenary Turkish soldiers (Mamluks) began to appear in Arab armies
681: establishment of the second Gokturk Khaganate
699: establishment of the Türgish Khanate (in the territory of present-day Kyrgyzstan)
Eastern Europe
616: Avars besieged Istanbul for the first time
621: Slavic uprising under Avars, acceleration of Slavicization of Balkans
626: Avars besieged Istanbul for a second time and began to decline as a result of heavy losses
626-627: Eastern Roman Emperor Heracleios asks for help from the Khazars, the Khazars invade the Caucasus, defeating the Sassanids
630: independence of the Khazars in the Don-Volga Basin, connected to the Western Gokturk Khaganate, and establishment of the Great Bulgarian Khanate in the north of the Black Sea
651-652: War of the Khazars with the Arab empire, which destroyed the Sassanids and captured all of Iran
678: division of the Great Bulgarian Khanate by the pressure of the Khazars to the West
680: Bulgarians landing in the Balkans establish the first Bulgarian state
Division of Bulgarians:
Turkish History 650.jpg
Turkish History 678.jpg
Turkish History 680.jpg
Turkish History 700.jpg
8. century
Central Asia
705-715: Arabs take Maveraünnehir
720-735: erecting Orkhun monuments in Ötüken
721-737: attack of the Turgish against the Arabs
744: destruction of the second Gokturk Khaganate by the revolting Uyghurs, Karluks and Basmiller
745: establishment of the Uyghur Khaganate, the founding of an independent Khanate in present-day Kazakhstan
750: the beginning of the softening of Turkish-Arab relations with the passing of the Abbasids to the head of the Arab Empire
751: the Chinese entered Central Asia, the Arabs defeated the Chinese with the help of the Karluks at the Battle of Talas, the Karluks began to convert to Islam
762: Uyghur Khaganate's aid to the Tang dynasty in China in the suppression of The an-Lu-song uprising
765: the Uyghur Khan Bögü adopted the Mani religion
766: dissolution of the Turgish Khanate by defeating the Karluks associated with the Uyghur Khanate, establishment of the autonomous Karluk Khanate, the Oghuz who fled the Karluks and migrated to the vicinity of the Caspian and Aral lakes laid the foundations of the Oghuz Yabgu State
789-795 throne struggles and decline in Uyghur Khaganate
Eastern Europe
713-737 Caspian-Arab War, the loss of the Khazars to the Caucasus
716: the first written agreement of the Bulgarian Khanate of the Danube with the Byzantine Empire and the beginning of tax collection
717-718: assistance of the Bulgarians to Byzantium against the siege of Istanbul by the Arabs
740: acceptance of Judaism by the Khazars as the official religion
745-775: Bulgarian-Byzantine struggle
764: invasion of the Caucasus and west of Iran by the Khazars defeating the Abbasids
780: establishment of the Bulgarian Khanate of Itil
792: after the Battle of Markeli, Byzantium began to tax the Bulgarians again
796: invasion by the Franks of the Avar Khaganate, stuck in the Hungarian Plain
Turkish history 800 years.jpg
9. century
Khazar Khanate at the height of its power
Central Asia
821: Uighurs repel Tibetans
832: the fall of the Uyghur Khaganate into turmoil
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